UNIX CONVERSIONS
          (By David Johnson)
          -----------------
             Welcome to UNIX CONVERSION, hopefully a regular here at
          MODEMNEWS. I would like to start with an offer to allow you the
          reader to mold this column to your desires. I will be writing about
          UNIX in general as well as how it is similar or different to DOS. I
          even plan to cover some subjects on converting from DOS to UNIX
          since it has become so popular these days.
          
             First let me explain a little about myself. I am the SYSOP of
          "The Unknown RBBS" operated on Long Island NY. I started my system
          4 years ago to help beginners get started on computers as well as
          answer questions about AT&T computer products. After a very short
          time my system grew rapidly to what it is now. The Unknown operates
          on a dedicated AT&T 386 machine with two nodes running under Desq-
          view with 318 Megs of disk storage.
          
          WHAT IS UNIX?
             Let me just start todays column with a quick description of UNIX
          and compare it to DOS. UNIX is an Operating system just like DOS in
          that it is the master control program that give the machine its
          personality after booting up. DOS (both MS and PC) have a control
          program called COMMAND.COM which is about 12K to 16K in size
          depending on the version and brand. This program is used to
          initialize the machine and give you the A> or C> prompt you are all
          so familiar with. It is also just one of several DOS related
          commands that fit on the two 360K formatted disks when you purchase
          DOS. So it is safe to say that all of DOS and its support programs
          (about 30 commands in all) could fit in about 720K of disk space.
          Lets get an idea now of the size of UNIX.
          
             The master control program of UNIX is called the KERNEL. This
          program is executed when a UNIX machine is booted and eventually
          give a user a $ prompt which is equivalent to the DOS A> or C>
          prompt. The UNIX kernel can be as small as 380K or on a standard
          386 machine 1.4Meg big, or on other larger UNIX machines over 2 Meg
          in size! ALL of UNIX and its support programs (about 300 - 500
          commands) comes on anywhere from 10 to 45 1.2 Meg disks! On some of
          the larger machines it is sold only on 60 Meg tapes because its so
          large. But don't let this scare you because in most cases it is
          much smaller for use on 386 based machines.
          
             As you can see it is not possible to run UNIX on a floppy only
          based machine. In fact, AT&T had a lot of problems selling UNIX
          machines with 10 Meg hard disks since there was less then 1 Meg
          left for user programs. A typical UNIX system for the end user
          these days is sold with a 40 or 68 Meg hard drive. One of the major
          advantages of UNIX is that it is user configurable. This process
          similar to a DOS CONFIG.SYS file consists of dozens of files that
          can be changed to allow dozens of SERIAL and PARALLEL ports,
          multiple users (simultaneously) and even allows you to run several
          programs at once, both DOS and UNIX! Sound too good to be true, no
          its not, but there is a price you pay for this and that will be the
          topic of discussion for the next issue.
          
             Well I can see I'm out of space already, so I will just end this
          by saying that you can help decide what gets written here by
          leaving your suggestions  on "The Unknown RBBS" at 516-486-4813.